Tutorial 01 - Capturing a LOPA ============================== **Fill in a loading input file to create a LOPA on FTools** ---- Tutorial objectives ------------------- * Part 1: capturing Non Standard seats (:ref:`paragraph_1`) * Part 2: capturing Standard seats (:ref:`paragraph_2`) At the end of this tutorial, FTools user should have reviewed necessary knowledge to prepare a :ref:`loading-input-data` spreadsheet for a complete LOPA. ---- Introduction ------------ The :ref:`loading-input-data` spreadsheet is the main source of input data for the FTools to perform an automatic seat installation analysis. There are two files: one in metric units and one in imperial units. The user should download the required file. In this tutorial, we will base our demonstration on the Imperial units sheet as we will be working on a Boeing aircraft. The purpose of this tutorial is to guide new users through the process of filling in this spreadsheet. The aim of this tutorial is to complete the FTools spreadsheet for a complete B777-300 cabin LOPA as shown in :numref:`fig_tutorial01_lopa_complete`. This tutorial is based on the following cabin configuration: Business Class seats, Premium Economy Class seats and Economy Class seats. Through this tutorial, we'll look at the notion of zone, which corresponds to the separations made by the FTools software itself. These separations are generated automatically when no items are installed in a large enough space. .. _fig_tutorial01_lopa_complete: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/lopa_complete.png :align: center :width: 500pt :alt: Cabin LOPA to capture :figclass: align-center View of a complete B777-300ER cabin LOPA on FTools There are several sheets in the :ref:`loading-input-data` spreadsheet, but in this tutorial we will only focus on the following 3, which are: * Sheet **"item_info"**, which is the definition of the seats and monuments installed in the cabin. This sheet allows you to centralise the main information and characteristics of each item. * Sheet **"item_geom"**, which is the definition of seats, monuments, and cabin item attachment points geometrical spacing in a defined coordinate system. * Sheet **"item_asm"** which is the location of seats and monuments on the cabin LOPA For further information on these sheets and how they are created, please refer to the :ref:`loading-input-data` section. ---- Preliminary work (optional) --------------------------- To ensure the success of your study and the accuracy of your data entries, it may be useful to carry out some preliminary identification work. This work can be done at the user's discretion, but here is a non-exhaustive list of some useful software programs for clear, visual work: * Inkscape (this powerful software is free, allows you to draw what you want and works with the vector approach, which means that you do not lose any quality in your drawings when you need to zoom in). * Paint * Powerpoint The main aim of this part is to find out exactly which seat group has the same :term:`wheelbase` and the same interface loads. This information can be found in the seat documentation supplied by the manufacturer. This will be very useful later in the tutorial, especially for filling in the spreadsheet. In the following figures we can see the preliminary work done for the :term:`wheelbase` in :numref:`fig_inkscape_wheelbase` and the preliminary work done for the interface loads in :numref:`fig_inkscape_ILR`. .. _fig_inkscape_wheelbase: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/inkscape_wheelbase.png :align: center :width: 500pt :alt: wheelbase on inkscape :figclass: align-center Visualisation of seat group sharing same wheelbase (example on LOPA Zone 1 & 2) .. _fig_inkscape_ILR: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/inkscape_ILR.png :align: center :width: 500pt :alt: ILR on inkscape :figclass: align-center Visualisation of seat group sharing same interface loads (example on LOPA Zone 1 & 2) .. warning:: Several seats may have the same :term:`wheelbase` but different interface loads. The user must therefore be very careful during this identification work, as there is a risk of making mistakes later when filling in the spreadsheet. ---- .. _paragraph_1: Part 1. Fill in the input file with Non Standard seats ------------------------------------------------------ **Part 1 objectives:** fill in the FTools spreadsheet for any non-standard cabin configuration. **Tutorial running time:** TBD In this section we will focus on the Business Class seating area. Zone 0 consists of 14 business class seats as shown in :numref:`fig_tutorial01_lopa_complete`. The visualisation of the LOPA is available in :numref:`fig_lopa_j` with seat numbers used to fill the spreadsheet. .. _fig_lopa_j: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/lopa_j.png :align: center :width: 300pt :alt: LOPA zone 0 :figclass: align-center Focus LOPA on zone 0 with business class seats designation For better understanding, some seats and shells in zone 0 have been highlighted to illustrate the parallel between filling in the spreadsheet file and LOPA's visual information. These markings can be seen in the :numref:`fig_lopa_j_color`. .. _fig_lopa_j_color: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/lopa_j_color.png :align: center :width: 300pt :alt: LOPA zone 0 colorized :figclass: align-center Identification of some seats to illustrate the parallel with the spreadsheet infos Before starting the tutorial, it is important to know that in the following parts we will only develop the filling method for a few seats/furniture. The other seats/furniture will have to be filled in by the user. All information is available in the PDF document below. PDF document: :download:`Required_data_for_zone0.pdf <_static/tutorial01/Required_data_for_zone0.pdf>` item_info sheet ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ All the following explanations are illustrated in the :numref:`fig_item_info_sheet_part1` and :numref:`fig_item_info_sheet_part2`. .. _fig_item_info_sheet_part1: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/item_info_sheet_part1.png :align: center :width: 500pt :alt: item_info sheet part 1 :figclass: align-center First 6 columns of the item_info sheet * **type** column: here we need to specify what type of item we have. You can choose between "Seat" or "Other". Here, for the Business Class zone, we need to look at the items installed. A business class suite (in our case) consists of a seat and a shell around it. It is very important to clearly identify both in order to enter the correct information in the spreadsheet. As we can see on :numref:`fig_item_info_sheet_part1`, we have specified "seat" for the seats and "other" for the surrounding shells. * **label** column: in this part we give the name that will appear on the final LOPA for this item. Here we have labels starting with "S" for the seats followed by a number and a letter for the Business Class Suite row as mentioned in the initial LOPA. For the surrounding shells, the naming method is exactly the same as for the seats. We can also see that we have different names for the surrounding shells (F3G and F3A_F4C). This is because we have 2 types of business class suite in our configuration. For example, on the :numref:`fig_lopa_j_color`, the clear blue shell contains only seat 3E (green), while the dark blue shell contains seat 3A (orange) and 4C (yellow). We will see the differences later when filling the **item_geom** sheet. .. note:: In our case, we choose to start our shell label with "F" for "Furniture" because the "S" for "Shell" is already taken by the seat label. It is important to note that you can use any letter in this column to name your item on the final LOPA, but we always try to write something that will be easy to identify on our final work. * **analysis** column: in this column we specify the type of analysis required to justify the cabin seat and monument. We have the choice to enter "std" for standard analysis or "non-std" for non-standard analysis. Due to the geometry and layout of the Business Class suites, we will enter "non-std" for our seats and furniture because we can't use directly the Boeing justification criterion. * **pax_nb** column: in this column we indicate the number of passengers on each seat. In our case, we have 1 pax on each Business Class seat and no pax on the furniture lines. * **part_number** column: here you need to enter the item number. This reference can be found in the seat/furniture manufacturer's document. * **designation** column: here you must enter a text to describe the item. This is a free format text, so you can enter any text you like. In general, we use the same name as in the original LOPA or in the seat manufacturer's documents to make identification easier. .. _fig_item_info_sheet_part2: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/item_info_sheet_part2.png :align: center :width: 500pt :alt: item_info sheet part 2 :figclass: align-center Last 5 columns of the item_info sheet * **iflw** column: we don't need this column for this tutorial. As the identification code is white (optional), we will leave this part blank. * **misw** column: same as iflw * **item_loads::label** column: it defines the label to be linked to the interface loads (IFL) associated with the cabin seat or monument. This is a cross reference to the **item_loads** sheet. We don't need this column for our tutorial, but as it is a mandatory field, we will just enter "XXX" once in the "**label**" column in the **item_loads** sheet and for all lines in the **item_info** sheet. The way to do this is shown in :numref:`fig_info_loads_link_XXX`. .. _fig_info_loads_link_XXX: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/info_loads_link_XXX.png :align: center :width: 500pt :alt: links between info and loads :figclass: align-center Avoiding errors with the "XXX" tip * **item_geom::label** column: it defines the label to be associated with the location of the interface points associated with the cabin seat or monument. This is a cross reference to the sheet "**item_geom**" which is filled in after the sheet "**item_info**". Again, you can choose any name you like, but it is still better to choose one that is easy for the user to associate with references on the original LOPA. .. note:: As we can see in :numref:`fig_item_info_sheet_part2`, some items have the same **item_geom::label:**. This can be explained by the fact that some items are symmetrical inside the cabin. This information can be found in the seat manufacturer's documentation. At this point it is useless to create 2 labels in the **item_geom** sheet, we will select one and symmetrize the other (this operation will be explained later in the **as_symmetry** column). For example, this is the case for "Seat_adapter_S3A", "Seat_adapter_S4C" and "Furniture_attachment_3A_4C". Seats 3L and 4J are the right cabin items symmetrical to seats 3A and 4C left cabin items. The visual representation is shown in :numref:`fig_lopa_j`. * **as_symmetry** column : it indicates whether the associated interface load and geometry should be made symmetrical for the seat or monument. If this is the case, the user should enter '1' in this field. As we have seen, seats 3A and 4C are symmetric with 3L and 4J, so we enter "1" in this column to identify these seats as symmetric with each other (for these elements, FTools will reverse the Y values but leave the X values unchanged). The visual representation of the spreadsheet for this type of configuration can be found in :numref:`fig_symmetric_lopa`. .. warning:: This option can only be applied to seats or monuments that have the same interface load source and the same interface point geometry. This option will symmetrize both the load and the geometry. As we are focusing on geometry only in this tutorial, we will only look for geometry data in the seat manufacturer's documents. .. _fig_symmetric_lopa: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/symmetric_lopa.png :align: center :width: 500pt :alt: symmetric visualization in business class :figclass: align-center Symmetric visualization for seats and furniture item_geom sheet ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The purpose of this sheet is to define the position of the interface points of an element relative to each other. It is important to note that interface points can be entered in 2 different ways: * Absolute coordinates: interface points are entered directly into the aircraft's coordinate system as described in :numref:`fig_coordinate_mix` * Relative coordinates: interface points are entered into a local coordinate system associated with the element .. _fig_coordinate_mix: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/coordinate_mix.png :align: center :width: 500pt :alt: Absolute vs relative coordinate :figclass: align-center Absolute vs relative coordinates system To recapitulate, the location of the interface points can be entered in the local or global coordinate system, as long as it remains consistent from element to element. In both configurations, the axes of the FTools coordinate system are oriented in the same direction as the Boeing standards: * X pointing aft * Y pointing starboard (Right Hand Side) * Z pointing up .. warning:: The interface point on the X-axis in absolute coordinates should not be confused with aircraft stations (STA). The Boeing 777-300 has 2 additional sections compared to the Boeing 777-200. See below for details. * From STA 825 the user must add **+21"** for each of the next 10 frames (up to **+210"** for the tenth). For example, if your interface point is at STA 846 on a B777-300, it should be converted to X= 846" + **210"**. * From STA 1434 the user must add **+21"** for each of the next 9 frames (up to **+189"** for the ninth). For example, if your interface point is at STA 1476 on a B777-300, it should be converted to X= 1476" + **210"** + **189"** (because we have already added the first section from STA 825). The visualisation of these 2 added sections is available in :numref:`fig_sta_add`. This information is not important for now, but will be useful for part 2 of tutorial 01 :ref:`paragraph_2` as we will work in the aft fuselage zone. .. _fig_sta_add: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/sta_add.png :align: center :width: 500pt :alt: STA added :figclass: align-center Added stations zones The **item_geom** sheet is composed by 4 columns presented in :numref:`fig_item_geom_empty`. .. _fig_item_geom_empty: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/item_geom_empty.png :align: center :width: 300pt :alt: item_geom_empty :figclass: align-center item_geom sheet empty * **label** column: this is a label associated with the geometry of the item defined in the **item_info** sheet. The label must be entered as text without spaces, use underscores instead. .. note:: As we have seen, some items in the business class zone are symmetrical to each other. We will just fill in the information for one and use the **as_symmetry** column in the **item_info** sheet for the other. For maximum clarity, here is the cabin layout for our tutorial: .. list-table:: Layout symmetries :header-rows: 1 * - Type - Label - Symmetric to * - seat - 1L - 1A * - seat - 2J - 2C * - seat - 3L - 3A * - seat - 4J - 4C * - seat - 1E - 1G * - seat - 2D - 2H * - seat - 3E - 3G * - furniture - 1L/2J - 1A/2C * - furniture - 3L/4J - 3A/4C * - furniture - 1E2D - 1G/2H * - furniture - 3E - 3G * **point_id** column: this is where we specify the item's interface points. It is possible to number the interfaces as you wish, but it is often more convenient to use the IDs given in the supplier's document. This action will be important for tutorial 02 on interface loads. .. warning:: The "**point_id**" must be unique per item ! * **X** column: enter X location of cabin item interface point in relative or absolute coordinates. * **Y** column: enter Y location of cabin item interface point in relative or absolute coordinates. In this tutorial we will focus on seats 4C and 1G for the classic fuselage section and seat 1A for the canted fuselage section. classic fuselage section ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The classic fuselage section is where the rails on the aircraft floor run straight along the cabin. In our example, business class seats are non-standard seats as they are not directly attached to the aircraft rails but are connected to an adapter. For these seats, the data to fill in the spreadsheet is the adapter data on the manufacturer's documentation. As a reminder to understand the next part, on the Boeing 777-200 and 777-300 there are 4 rails on each side of the cabin. These rails are described in detail in :numref:`fig_tutorial01_rails_straight`. .. _fig_tutorial01_rails_straight: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/rails_straight.png :align: center :width: 300pt :alt: rails identification :figclass: align-center Rails identification on Boeing 777-200/-300 Seats Let's start with the S4C adapter. As we can see in :numref:`fig_seats_item_geom_S4C_S1G`, we have the X values in yellow and the Y values in dark blue. Here we choose 1, 2, 3 for the **point_id** but it is possible to name the interface point in the same way as in the manufacturer's documents. The filling logic in this tutorial is to select for the first **point_id** the interface point closest to the centerline of the aircraft. In this case it is "BL -74". We have "-" in front of the BL value because the S4C seat is on the left side of the aircraft cabin. As the Y axis represented in :numref:`fig_coordinate_mix` is positive to the right, BL values on the right are positive and BL values on the left are negative. The filling logic is exactly the same for the S1G adapter. We can see that this time we have positive BL values because seat S1G is on the Right Hand Side in the aircraft cabin. .. _fig_seats_item_geom_S4C_S1G: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/seats_item_geom_S4C_S1G.png :align: center :width: 500pt :alt: filling business class seat adapter :figclass: align-center Filling Business class seat adapter As FTools always calculates the difference between each entered value in the **X** column and do the same with values in the **Y** column, it is possible to fill the sheet with absolute or relative coordinates, as we can see in :numref:`fig_Coordinate_geom_comparison`. From the software point of view, the result will be the same. .. _fig_Coordinate_geom_comparison: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/Coordinate_geom_comparison.png :align: center :width: 500pt :alt: Comparison absolute entry vs relative entry :figclass: align-center Absolute entry vs relative entry .. note:: You can fill the sheet with any coordinates, but to avoid making mistakes, it is better to use relative coordinates to minimise the number of geometry definition as most of the time many seats/items share the same geometry. Furnitures The way to fill the **item_geom** sheet for furniture is the same as the way to fill it for seats. The easiest way to complete the **item_geom** sheet is to enter all the interface points available in the furniture manufacturer's documents for the furniture. See for example :numref:`fig_furniture_fill`. Again, it is possible to fill the sheet by choosing absolute or relative coordinates. .. _fig_furniture_fill: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/furniture_fill.png :align: center :width: 500pt :alt: Filling in a double furniture :figclass: align-center Filling the item_geom sheet with a double furniture example .. note:: The way to fill the **item_geom** sheet for a furniture that surrounds one seat is exactly the same. canted fuselage section ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The canted section is special because it is the zone where the aircraft rails are no longer parallel to the x-axis, but are at an angle. In this case it is strongly recommended to use absolute coordinates to fill the **item_geom** sheet for the item in question. FTools will automatically associate decimal "BL" values (Y column) with the nearest rail (example: if the BL value is -70.31 as it is for the seat S1A, FTools will place this interface point on the left side 74 rail in the canted section). See :numref:`fig_canted_business_seats` for visualisation. .. _fig_canted_business_seats: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/canted_business_seats.png :align: center :width: 500pt :alt: canted section for business class :figclass: align-center Example of **X** and **Y** columns for seats installed in the canted section .. note:: The way to fill the **item_geom** sheet for a canted section with furniture is exactly the same as it is for the seats. item_asm sheet ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The **item_asm** sheet is used to define the installation of the cabin item as specified in the LOPA. The item installation is limited to seat tracks. The sheet consists of several columns, which are visible in :numref:`fig_item_asm_business_1`. .. _fig_item_asm_business_1: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/item_asm_business_1.png :align: center :width: 500pt :alt: item-asm sheet for business class 1 :figclass: align-center First columns of the item_asm sheet for the business class seats and furniture For the example, we will take up the seat 3A as we have seen in :numref:`fig_symmetric_lopa`. * **rail_tag** column: it defines the seat rail on which the reference point of the item is located. These rails are described in :numref:`fig_tutorial01_rails_straight`. * **x_loc** column: it specifies the X location of the cabin item's reference point. The reference point is one of the **point_id** that we can find on the **item_geom** sheet. The :numref:`fig_item_asm_explanations` below are intended to show the user how to find information in the different sheets to fill in the **rail_tag** and **x_loc** columns. .. _fig_item_asm_explanations: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/item_asm_explanations.png :align: center :width: 500pt :alt: links between sheets :figclass: align-center Links between sheets .. note:: We can also see on :numref:`fig_item_asm_explanations` the special case for seat 2C with decimal **Y** value in **item_geom** sheet. As we can see, in this case the user has to enter the nearest rail from the decimal value. Here we have -73.01, so the correct rail to associate is LBL74. Remember, all negative **Y** values are to the left of the aircraft cabin. * **item_geom::point_id** column: here the user must specify the ID of the selected point of the item interface. This is a cross-reference column with the **item_geom** sheet. As shown in :numref:`fig_item_asm_explanations`, the point used for seat 3A is n°1 (pink highlight), but the user can choose any point he wants as a reference point. It is just important to keep a certain logic. This means that you have to pay attention to the **rail_tag** and select the one that corresponds to the chosen interface point. For example, if the user wants to select **point_id** n°2 for seat 2C, the **rail_tag** will no longer be LBL74 but LBL108. .. warning:: For item that shares its interface points on a straight and a canted section, the reference point will have a significant impact on the seat position. See :ref:`sheet-item_asm` for better visualisation. .. note:: For an item between a canted rail section and a straight rail section, it is preferable to choose a reference point on the straight rail. In our case, business class seats do not share a multiple rail configuration. Each element is either on a straight rail or on a canted rail. * **item_info::label** column: it defines the label of the cabin item. It is a cross reference to a label specified in the **item_info** sheet. It is possible to visualise the cross reference in :numref:`fig_item_asm_explanations` with green highlighting. .. note:: Several lines can have the same label but not the same **x_loc** value because they can be in different rows. This is not the case for our business zone. * **item_axis** column: see :ref:`sheet-item_asm`: for full description. Not used in our example. * **rail_to_item_axis_angle** column: see :ref:`sheet-item_asm`: for full description. Not used in our example. .. note:: These 2 columns will be useful during the part 2 of this tutorial for standard seats tutorial. * **frontseat_clearance** column: this column indicates the distance between a monument and a seat in the first row. See :ref:`sheet-item_asm` for full details. This column is only useful to fill in for a standard seat installation. Its use is explained in detail later in this tutorial in part 2 :ref:`paragraph_2`. .. _fig_item_asm_2: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/item_asm_2.png :align: center :width: 500pt :alt: Last columns :figclass: align-center Last columns of the item_asm sheet for the business class seats and furniture * **frontseat_pitch** column: this is the value of the "pitch" already calculated with the formula "X-4 + Xpivot", taking into account the X that indicates the position of the seat in the first row. See :ref:`sheet-item_asm` for more details. .. note:: The value of "frontseat_pitch" surpasses the default seat pitch automatically claculated. We therefore fill either the **frontseat_clearance** or the **frontseat_pitch** column. * **seat_row_id** column: specifies the row ID of the corresponding seat. It is only for seats and not for furniture as we can see in :numref:`fig_item_asm_2` where the green part is empty for the corresponding furniture. For **repeat_span**, **repeat_pitch** and **repeat_nb** columns, as business class seats are all unique, this column will remain empty (as it is a non-mandatory value) and will be explained in detail in part 2 of tutorial 01 :ref:`paragraph_2`. Details of this column can be found in :ref:`sheet-item_asm`. This is the end of part 1 of tutorial 01, here is the Excel sheet the user should get after filling all the zones 0: Excel document completed for zone 0: :download:`ftools_ilbss_tpl_tuto01_z0.xlsx <_static/tutorial01/ftools_ilbss_tpl_tuto01_z0.xlsx>` At this moment, after running a new analysis on FTools, user should get the following cabin representation available in :numref:`fig_business_complete`. .. _fig_business_complete: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/business_complete.png :align: center :width: 250pt :alt: Zone 0 :figclass: align-center Zone 0 User should have now the necessary knowledge to fill a LOPA's Non Standard zone in FTools with any configuration he wants. ---- .. _paragraph_2: Part 2. Fill in the input file with Standard seats -------------------------------------------------- **Part 2 objectives:** fill in the FTools's spreadsheet for any Standard cabin configuration **Tutorial running time:** TBD **ZONE 4** For this second part, we will focus our filling examples on zone 4 of the LOPA presented in :numref:`fig_tutorial01_lopa_complete`, because this zone is composed of straight and canted rails (as it is, we will see the exception for standard seats in this zone). This zone consists entirely of Standard Economy seats. There are 130 seats with 11 different seat configurations as we can see in :numref:`fig_y_color_code_geom_z4`. The visualisation of the LOPA is available in :numref:`fig_lopa_y_z4` with seat numbers used to fill the spreadsheet. .. _fig_lopa_y_z4: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/lopa_y_z4.png :align: center :width: 500pt :alt: LOPA zone 0 :figclass: align-center Focus LOPA on zone 4 with Economy Class seats designation The color code to illustrate the parallel between filling in the spreadsheet and the visual information of the LOPA is shown in :numref:`fig_y_color_code_geom_z4` below. .. _fig_y_color_code_geom_z4: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/y_color_code_geom_z4.png :align: center :width: 500pt :alt: LOPA zone 4 :figclass: align-center Identification of seats to illustrate the parallel with the spreadsheet infos Before starting with the standard seats part, it is important to know that, as mentioned before, we will focus our examples on zone 4 of the LOPA, but the user will have to fill in each zone to complete the full LOPA. Each zone paragraph is accompanied by a PDF document with all the information needed to fill in the spreadsheet. Here is the one for zone 4 below. PDF document: :download:`Required_data_for_zone4.pdf <_static/tutorial01/Required_data_for_zone4.pdf>` item_info sheet ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ All the following explanations are illustrated in the :numref:`fig_item_info_sheet_1z4` and :numref:`fig_item_info_sheet_2z4`. .. _fig_item_info_sheet_1z4: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/item_info_sheet_1z4.png :align: center :width: 500pt :alt: item_info sheet z4 part 1 :figclass: align-center First 6 columns of the item_info sheet for zone 4 * **type** column: as we only have seats in this cabin area, we will put "Seat" for all seats installed in zone 4. * **label** column: the filling logic here is the same as before. We will fill "S" for seat followed by the seat number. For example, "S49" for seat number 49. * **analysis** column: as we are in a Standard seat configuration, the user must enter "std" for all seats installed in zone 4 to perform a standard analysis for these seats. * **pax_nb** column: unlike Business Class seats, the number of pax in Economy Class seats can vary between 2 and 4 pax. The user must select the correct pax number for the seat. * **part_number** column: in the same way as for the Business Class seat, the user can enter the item part number. This information is available in the seat manufacturer's documentation. For the example, we have listed several part numbers in the **item_info** sheet, but this information is optional. For the following manipulation it does not matter if this field is left blank. * **designation** column: Here you must enter a text to describe the item. As this is a free text cell, you can enter any name you like. Here we choose the simplest way to name the items with "Economy class seat" followed by the seat number. However, a more common way is to name the seats as they are described in the manufacturer's documentation. .. _fig_item_info_sheet_2z4: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/item_info_sheet_2z4.png :align: center :width: 500pt :alt: item_info sheet z4 part 2 :figclass: align-center Last 5 columns of the item_info sheet for zone 4 * **iflw** column: we don't need that column for this tutorial. As the identification code is white (optional) we will left this part blank. For more details, you can see :ref:`sheet-item_info`. * **misw** column: we don't need to fill in this column but this weight will be used for seat row weight calculation in standard seat analyis. See :ref:`sheet-item_info` for more details. * **item_loads::label** column: as explained in the previous part about installing non-standard seats, this is a cross reference to the **item_loads** sheet. We don't need this column for our tutorial, but as it is a mandatory field, we will just put "XXX" once in the "**label**" column in the **item_loads** sheet and for all lines in the **item_info** sheet. The way to do this is shown in :numref:`fig_info_loads_link_XXX`. * **item_geom::label** column: it defines the label to be associated with the location of the interface points associated with the cabin seat or monument. This is a cross reference to the sheet "**item_geom**" which is filled in after the sheet "**item_info**". Again, you can choose any name you like, but it is still better to choose one that is easy for the user to associate with references on the original LOPA. .. note:: You can see that different seats can have the same **item_geom::label**. This is because these seats have the same geometry, and therefore it's useless to enter the same geometry multiple times in the **item_geom** sheet (explained later). For example, this is the case for seats S61, S62, S63, S64, S65 and S66, which all have the same geometry as seat S61. * **as_symmetry** column : it indicates whether the associated interface load and geometry should be made symmetrical for the seat or monument. If this is the case, the user should enter '1' in this field. As with the Business Class seat, some seats are symmetrical to each other. For example, this is the case for seats S49 and S50, but also for seats S45 and S46 or S53 and S54, so we put "1" in this column to indicate that these seats are symmetrical to each other (for these elements, FTools will invert the Y values but leave the X values unchanged). .. warning:: This option can only be applied to seats or monuments that have the same interface load source and the same interface point geometry. This option will symmetrize both the load and the geometry. As we are focusing on geometry only in this tutorial, we will only look for geometry data in the seat manufacturer's documents. item_geom sheet ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ As shown in :numref:`fig_item_geom_empty`, the **item_geom** sheet is made up of 4 columns. In zone 4 of the LOPA we have 18 different seat references, but as you can see in :numref:`fig_lopa_y_z4`, we only need to enter 5 of them in the **item_geom** sheet to fill all the **item_geom::label** columns in the **item_info** sheet. The 5 geometries we need are shown in :numref:`fig_item_geom_sheet_z4` in Relative coordinate. .. _fig_item_geom_sheet_z4: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/item_geom_sheet_z4.png :align: center :width: 300pt :alt: item_geom sheet z4 :figclass: align-center item_geom sheet for zone 4 .. warning:: Before starting to describe each column, it is important to know that zone 4 is after the 2 added sections on the B777-300, which means that we have to add 210"+189" to each value read if the user chooses the Absolute coordinate. For more details see :numref:`fig_sta_add` and the explanations above. * **label** column: this column is linked to the **item-info** sheet. It must be entered as text, without spaces, with underscores. The tip is to choose a simple, easily recognisable name. For zone 4 we have chosen to fill it with the phrase "Economy_seat" followed by the seat number. In zone 4, seats are disposed like this: seat 50 is symmetric to seat 49 seat 46 is symmetric to seat 45 seats 54 and 56 are symmetric to respectively seats 53 and 55 seats 62, 64 and 66 are symmetric to respectively seats 61, 63 and 65 * **point_id** column: in this column we specify the interface points of the item. It is possible to number the interfaces as you wish. Here we have chosen to number the interface points from 1 to 4 for 2-legged seats and from 1 to 8 for 4-legged seats. A global visualisation for easy numbering of seat interface points is available in :numref:`fig_seat_numbering_tips`. .. _fig_seat_numbering_tips: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/seat_numbering_tips.png :align: center :width: 500pt :alt: config seats :figclass: align-center Seats configurations For the next part on how to fill in the **X** and **Y** values in :numref:`fig_item_geom_sheet_z4`, we will focus our example on seat S45 for the straight section and seat S61 for the canted section. All the following explanations are illustrated in :numref:`fig_item_geom_S45_details` and :numref:`fig_item_geom_S61_details`. .. _fig_item_geom_S45_details: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/item_geom_S45_details.png :align: center :width: 500pt :alt: fill in item_geom sheet :figclass: align-center Details about the filling procedure for seat S45 on item_geom sheet There are 2 ways to fill in the **item_geom** sheet.The user can fill in seats values in Absolute or relative coordinates. Both example will be detailed. On the right side of the figure above we have the original LOPA with all the measurements on it. We can see that we have a repetition of the front interface points of seat S49 for 10 seats with a distance of 31" between 2 same interface points (red). * **X** column: as we can see, for the Absolute coordinate, the X values are the same for interface points 1 and 3 and the same for points 2 and 4. The values for points 1 and 3 are obtained by adding the reference value written on the LOPA (1568"), the 31" (distance of the front interface points of S45 compared to the front interface points of seat S49) and the distance of the 2 added sections (210"+189"). All the details of these sections are available in :numref:`fig_sta_add`. As reference points 1 and 3 are aligned, they have the same X value. For the Relative coordinates, the origin of the benchmark is taken from the position of the points 1 and 3. This is why these points have for value 0. * **Y** column: the values in this column are associated with the rails on which the seats are installed. As described in :numref:`fig_item_geom_S45_details`, for Absolute coordinate, interface points 1 and 2 are on the inboard left side rail (74) and interface points 3 and 4 are on the outboard left side rail (108). For Relative coordinate, origin of the benchmark is set on interface point n°1. So, points 1 and 2 are on the same rail so they share the same Y value. Point 3 and 4 are on the rail LBL108 so their relative coordinates are at -34" from the rail LBL74 (red highlight in :numref:`fig_item_geom_S45_details`). .. note:: Reminder: The values in the **Y** column are preceded by a "-" because these rails are on the left side of the aircraft cabin. .. _fig_item_geom_S61_details: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/item_geom_S61_details.png :align: center :width: 500pt :alt: fill in item_geom sheet :figclass: align-center Details about the filling procedure for seat S61 on item_geom sheet As described in :numref:`fig_item_geom_S61_details`, the filling procedure is identical to that for the S45. Even in the canted section, you must enter the same rails as in the straight section. FTools knows how to deal with this zone. From a certain X position, it will automatically set the seat on the nearest rail. .. note:: For this situation (canted section), as we are taking the original LOPA as a model, Absolute coordinates are highly recommended. item_asm sheet ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The **item_asm** sheet is used to define the installation of the cabin item as specified in the LOPA. The item installation is limited to seat tracks. The sheet consists of several columns, which are visible in :numref:`fig_item_asm_z4_1`. .. _fig_item_asm_z4_1: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/item_asm_z4_1.png :align: center :width: 500pt :alt: fill in item_asm sheet :figclass: align-center First 7 columns of the item_asm sheet * **rail_tag** column: it defines the seat rail on which the reference point of the object is located. These rails are described in :numref:`fig_tutorial01_rails_straight`. * **x_loc** column: it specifies the X location of the cabin item's reference point. The reference point is one of the **point_id** that we can find on the **item_geom** sheet. The :numref:`fig_links_between_sheets_z4` below shows the user how to find information in the different sheets to fill the **rail_tag** and **x_loc** columns. .. _fig_links_between_sheets_z4: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/links_between_sheets_z4.png :align: center :width: 500pt :alt: fill in item_asm sheet :figclass: align-center Links between sheets * **item_geom::point_id** column: it is a cross-reference to the **item_geom** sheet. The user must specify the ID of the selected point of the item interface. For our example with the S45 seat, we have chosen point n°1 (highlighted in pink), but it is important to know that you can choose any point. It is just important to follow a certain logic. .. warning:: For seats between a straight and a canted section, the chosen reference point will have a significant impact on the seat orientation, this is the case in our area for seats S53 and S54. We will see later how to deal with this orientation manually (for seats S55 and S56). * **item_info::label** column: it defines the label of the cabin item. It is a cross reference to a label specified in the **item_info** sheet. This cross-reference can be seen in :numref:`fig_links_between_sheets_z4` (highlighted in green). * **item_axis** column: see :ref:`sheet-item_asm`: for full description. This column is linked with the column **rail_to_item_axis_angle**. * **rail_to_item_axis_angle** column: see :ref:`sheet-item_asm`: for full description. This column is linked with the column **item_axis**. These 2 columns are suitable for seats S55 and S56. These seats are positioned on canted rails, but the seats are straight like seats on straight rails. All the following explanations are illustrated in :numref:`fig_axis_angle_tips`. .. _fig_axis_angle_tips: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/axis_angle_tips.png :align: center :width: 500pt :alt: fill in the axis angle column :figclass: align-center axis angle tips for canted section The **item_axis** column is here to define an axis for the rotation value that we will set in the **rail_to_item_axis_angle** column for the item in question. As we can see in :numref:`fig_item_asm_z4_1`, for seat S55 we have "1,2" in the **item_axis** column. This defines the direction of the vector for the rotation. As point 1 is the origin of our vector and also our reference point, the rotation will take place around this point. The visual representation of this entry is available in :numref:`fig_vector_direction`. .. _fig_vector_direction: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/vector_direction.png :align: center :width: 300pt :alt: explanation for vector direction :figclass: align-center explanation for vector direction As shown in :numref:`fig_axis_angle_tips`, angle A is the angle between the X-axis of the plan and the inclined rail. The value in the **rail_to_item_axis_angle** column is the angle required to align the seat with the aircraft X-axis. According to the measurements, the required angle value is 4.19° (for seat S56). As seat S55 is symmetrical to seat S56, the angle value for S55 is the complement, i.e. 355.81°. .. warning:: Angle values must be positive and between **0** and **360** degrees. Angle rotation are always applied in an **anti-clockwise** direction. .. _fig_frontseat_clearance_value: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/frontseat_clearance_value.png :align: center :width: 500pt :alt: explanation for frontseat_clearance value :figclass: align-center frontseat_clearance value * **frontseat_clearance** column: it specifies the clearance between a monument and a seat in the front row. The clearance value corresponds to the distance between the front stud of the seat in question and the AFT monument/wall. This column is not mandatory, but it can be very useful to visualise all the details on the FTools LOPA as well as possible. We can have an example with the seat S83 on :numref:`fig_item_asm_z4_1` with 26" as frontseat_clearance. :numref:`fig_frontseat_clearance_value` is here to show where to find the info on the original LOPA. .. _fig_item_asm_z4_2: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/item_asm_z4_2.png :align: center :width: 500pt :alt: fill in item_asm sheet :figclass: align-center Last 5 columns of the item_asm sheet * **frontseat_pitch** column: for further details, please refer to :ref:`sheet-item_asm` section. .. note:: The value of "frontseat_pitch" surpasses the default seat pitch automatically claculated. We therefore fill either the **frontseat_clearance** or the **frontseat_pitch** column. That is why we only have the S83 seat with a value in the **frontseat_clearance** column and not in the **frontseat_pitch** column (other front seats have no monument in front of them). * **seat_row_id** column: it specifies the row ID of the corresponing seat. Visual representation are available in :numref:`fig_seat_row_z4`. .. _fig_seat_row_z4: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/seat_row_z4.png :align: center :width: 500pt :alt: explanation for seat_row value :figclass: align-center seat row value * **repeat_span** column: it specifies the span used for the repetition of the item installation. This field should be used in combination with the field **repeat_pitch** or **repeat_nb** to specify multiple installation of one cabin item. * **repeat_pitch** column: it specifies the pitch used for the repetition of the item installation. This field should be used in combination with the field **repeat_nb** or **repeat_span** to specify multiple installation of one cabin item. * **repeat_nb** column: it specifies the number of repetitions used for the repetition of the item installation. This field should be used in combination with the field **repeat_pitch** or **repeat_span** to specify multiple installation of one cabin item. .. warning:: Only 2 of the 3 preceding columns need to be filled in. See :numref:`fig_span_pitch_nb_visual` for an example and :numref:`fig_repetition_details` for more details. .. _fig_span_pitch_nb_visual: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/span_pitch_nb_visual.png :align: center :width: 500pt :alt: Visualization for different entries for span, pitch and number infos :figclass: align-center Visualisation for different entries for span, pitch and number infos .. _fig_repetition_details: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/repetition_details.png :align: center :width: 250pt :alt: details about the repetition parameters :figclass: align-center Details about the repetition parameters This is the end of the zone 4 of the Part 2 of the tutorial 01. Here is the Excel sheet user should get after filling in all the zone 4 : Excel document completed for zone 0: :download:`ftools_ilbss_tpl_tuto01_z4.xlsx <_static/tutorial01/ftools_ilbss_tpl_tuto01_z4.xlsx>` At this moment, after running a new analysis on FTools, user should have the following cabin representation available in :numref:`fig_z4_final`. .. _fig_z4_final: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/z4_final.png :align: center :width: 400 :alt: zone 4 :figclass: align-center Zone 4 Now, user should have the necessary knowledge to fill a LOPA's Standard zone in FTools with any configuration he wants. ---- **Zone 1** Based on :ref:`paragraph_2`, the user has to practise to fill the whole zone 1 in the FTools spreadsheet. Here is the visualisation of the LOPA in :numref:`fig_lopa_w_z1` with seat numbers that will be used to fill the spreadsheet. .. _fig_lopa_w_z1: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/lopa_w_z1.png :align: center :width: 200pt :alt: Zone 1 :figclass: align-center Focus LOPA on zone 1 with premium economy class seats designation The color code to illustrate the parallel between filling in the spreadsheet file and the LOPA's visual information is presented in :numref:`fig_w_color_code_geom_z1`. .. _fig_w_color_code_geom_z1: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/w_color_code_geom_z1.png :align: center :width: 200pt :alt: LOPA zone 4 :figclass: align-center Identification of seats to illustrate the parallel with the spreadsheet infos Here is the PDF document with all informations needed to fill in the zone 1: PDF document: :download:`Required_data_for_zone1.pdf <_static/tutorial01/Required_data_for_zone1.pdf>` Here is the Excel sheet user should get after filling in all the zone 1: Excel document: :download:`ftools_ilbss_tpl_tuto01_z1.xlsx <_static/tutorial01/ftools_ilbss_tpl_tuto01_z1.xlsx>` After running a new analysis on FTools, user should have the following cabin representation available in :numref:`fig_z1_final`. .. _fig_z1_final: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/z1_final.png :align: center :width: 200pt :alt: Zone 1 :figclass: align-center Zone 1 ---- **Zone 2** Based on :ref:`paragraph_2`, the user will have to practise to fill the whole zone 2 in the FTools spreadsheet. Here is the visualisation of the LOPA in :numref:`fig_lopa_y_z2` with seat numbers that will be used to fill the spreadsheet. .. _fig_lopa_y_z2: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/lopa_y_z2.png :align: center :width: 400pt :alt: Zone 1 :figclass: align-center Focus LOPA on zone 2 with premium economy class seats designation The color code to illustrate the parallel between filling in the spreadsheet file and the LOPA's visual information is presented in :numref:`fig_y_color_code_geom_z2`. .. _fig_y_color_code_geom_z2: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/y_color_code_geom_z2.png :align: center :width: 400pt :alt: LOPA zone 4 :figclass: align-center Identification of seats to illustrate the parallel with the spreadsheet infos Here is the PDF document with all informations needed to fill in the zone 2: PDF document: :download:`Required_data_for_zone2.pdf <_static/tutorial01/Required_data_for_zone2.pdf>` Here is the Excel sheet user should obtain after filling in all the zone 2: Excel document: :download:`ftools_ilbss_tpl_tuto01_z2.xlsx <_static/tutorial01/ftools_ilbss_tpl_tuto01_z2.xlsx>` After running a new analysis on FTools, user should have the following cabin representation available in :numref:`fig_z2_final`. .. _fig_z2_final: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/z2_final.png :align: center :width: 400pt :alt: Zone 2 :figclass: align-center Zone 2 ---- **Zone 3** Based on :ref:`paragraph_2`, the user has to practise to fill the whole zone 3 in the FTools spreadsheet. Here is the visualisation of the LOPA in :numref:`fig_lopa_y_z3` with seat numbers that will be used to fill the spreadsheet. .. _fig_lopa_y_z3: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/lopa_y_z3.png :align: center :width: 400pt :alt: Zone 1 :figclass: align-center Focus LOPA on zone 3 with premium economy class seats designation The color code to illustrate the parallel between filling in the spreadsheet file and the LOPA's visual information is presented in :numref:`fig_y_color_code_geom_z3`. .. _fig_y_color_code_geom_z3: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/y_color_code_geom_z3.png :align: center :width: 400pt :alt: LOPA zone 4 :figclass: align-center Identification of seats to illustrate the parallel with the spreadsheet infos Here is the PDF document with all informations needed to fill in the zone 3: PDF document: :download:`Required_data_for_zone3.pdf <_static/tutorial01/Required_data_for_zone3.pdf>` Here is the Excel sheet user should obtain after filling in all the zone 3: Excel document: :download:`ftools_ilbss_tpl_tuto01_z3.xlsx <_static/tutorial01/ftools_ilbss_tpl_tuto01_z3.xlsx>` After running a new analysis on FTools, user should have the following cabin representation available in :numref:`fig_z3_final`. .. _fig_z3_final: .. figure:: ./_static/tutorial01/z3_final.png :align: center :width: 400pt :alt: Zone 3 :figclass: align-center Zone 3 ---- This is the end of the tutorial 01. For now, user must have the necessary knowledge to enter a complete LOPA with any configuration he wants from non-standard seats to standard seats.